In reality, if you read the entire article, you’ll find that the odds of triggering an IRS audit are pretty much right in line with what I said in my article. What this other news article points out is that there are ways for the IRS to contact you that aren’t really audits. If you include these not-audits in the count of actual audits, then you get, not surprisingly, a much higher number of audits. In particular, the article focuses on ominous letters that IRS sends out to taxpayers, which are very much not audits. In fact, the letters cited in the article are about as far from an audit as you can get.

One of the letters informs taxpayers of a math error in their tax returns. This is not an audit. This is a notice that you messed up your math and therefore need to pay your taxes based upon the correct math. This scenario in no way results in anyone questioning your deductions or asking you to prove anything on your tax return with financial records. An audit is a re-examination of your tax return, not a request for you to fix a math error. Assuming you use tax software and take the 2011 standard deduction, there is a small chance of filing a return with a math error in it.

Another of the letters mentions the electronic system the IRS has to match reported data with the amounts listed on a tax return. I did allude in my post to the fact that the IRS matches information reported directly to it by your employer and other financial relationships with the amounts you actually report on your income tax forms. I even mentioned that this is an are where only a fool tries any funny business. Again, the result of this scenario is a letter in which the IRS in no way re-examines your return except to change the results of your calculations based upon the numbers that are reported to the Internal Revenue Service directly. This is not an audit either.

The point of my article about the low chances of being audited was not to encourage people to cheat on their taxes, nor to suggest that anyone cheat because the risk of audit is so low. Rather, I hoped to make filing income taxes a little less tense. People get so worked up about getting audited that they don’t take tax deductions or credits that they qualify for, for risk of being audited. That isn’t smart personal finance strategy, but neither is cheating.

Go into doing your taxes realizing that they can be a bit complicated, although there are tax prep software packages that help, but there is no need to walk around in fear of a potential audit. It might happen, but chances are it won’t. Just don’t freak out about it for no reason.

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Higher Tax Audit Chances? originally published at Finance Gourmet

Check here to learn how to deduct mortgage interest on your taxes.

Make Mortgage Payment Early to Deduct More

One of the biggest tax deductions that is available to ordinary taxpayers is the mortgage interest deduction. Simply put, the 2011 mortgage interest deduction is the ability to deduct whatever amount you pay in mortgage interest from your income taxes. There are several rules and exclusions, but they don’t apply to most taxpayers unless you have more than $1 million in mortgages or several houses. This is one of those tax deductions with no income limits.  You do need to itemize your deductions in order to claim the mortgage interest deduction. For many people, the amount of their mortgage interest deduction determines whether it is best to itemize or claim the 2011 standard deduction amount.

In a normal year, you make 12 mortgage payments. Add up the total amount of interest paid, and that is how much you get to deduct. Your mortgage company will actually do it for you because they are required to submit a 1099-INT to both you and the IRS. This means the IRS knows how much money you actually paid on your mortgage, so this isn’t a good place to get creative. You can find the 2011 1099-INT forms on the IRS website. (Update: The 2011 1099-INT forms are now also available.)

However, as with most tax deductions, you get to claim the amount amount you pay during the year regardless of when it is actually due. Thus, if you pay your January mortgage payment in December, you get to deduct it on this year’s taxes. That means you get to deduct the amount of interest paid on 13 payments instead of just 12.

For example, let’s assume for the ease of math that you pay $1,000 per month in interest on your mortgage. (Keep in mind that only the interest part of your payment is deductible. The amount that goes to principal and the escrow payment is NOT deductible.) If you made all the payments at the regular time during 2011, then your 2011 mortgage interest deduction would be $12,000.

That’s not too shabby. But, if you pay your January 2012 payment during December 2011, then you have made 13 payments during the 2011 tax year instead of 12. That means that on your 2011 taxes you can deduct $13,000 instead of just $12,000. That extra $1,000 deduction can be very valuable especially at higher tax brackets. In the 30 percent tax bracket, making your payment just a few days early saves $300 on your taxes.

The Catch to Paying Your Mortgage Early

There is, of course, a catch to using the tax trick of paying off your mortgage early.

By making your January 2012 payment in 2011, you have eliminated one of the payments you would normally make during 2012. That means that you can only deduct 11 mortgage payments worth of interest in 2012 because the January payment was not made during 2012, it was paid in 2011.

In our example above, by paying the January 2012 payment early, you got to deduct $13,000 in 2011. But, that means you will only be able to deduct $11,000 on your 2012 taxes. There is a way around this. If you make your January 2013 payment during December 2012, then you can deduct the full-year of interest of $12,000. However, there is no way to get that extra deduction again until you bite the bullet and take only 11 months worth of interest payments as your mortgage deduction in some year.

Mortgage Interest Deduction Audits

Here is the mistake that many taxpayers accidentally make.

In 2011, they read about this really great idea to make their January mortgage payment early in order to get a bigger interest deduction. So, they pay 13 months worth of payments during 2011 and they deduct 13 months worth of interest. So far, so good.

However, in 2012, they forget that they did that. The mortgage company sends them a 1099-INT that shows a full 12 months of interest payments for 2012 and they deduct the full 12 months of interest, even though they can only legally deduct 11. Then, are those who try and use the trick again in 2012 by paying their mortgage early and deducting 13 months of interest when they only qualify for 12 months of interest payments.

Remember those 1099-INT forms that the mortgage company sends to both you and the IRS?

That is how you get caught. The IRS computers run the numbers on the forms against the numbers you claim and sometime in 2013 or 2014, a letter shows up in the mail saying that a routine examination of your return has discovered a possible error. If you are really unlucky, your return will get flagged for a full-scale audit. Typically, however, you’ll just be subject to an “information audit” where the IRS will require you to provide documents to support your deductions.

It won’t take long for cancelled checks and mortgage statements to reveal that you claimed too many deductions in 2012 and owe back taxes and interest on the amount. Theoretically, if the IRS can prove you did it on purpose, you can also be on the hook for fraud and additional penalties, but this kind of mistake happens all the time and non-accountants routinely fall victim so they probably won’t go after you for that.

How To Maximize Tax Deductions by Paying Mortgage Early

Paying your mortgage early to increase your mortgage deduction amount in 2011 works best for people who either have income that varies from year to year, or people who know that they are going to get hit with a big tax bill and will adjust for it on their 2012 taxes.

If your income varies because you earn commissions, own your own business, or you get bonuses that are different sizes each year, then you want to pay your mortgage early in a year where your income will be high. Even if it is high the next year, you can pay early again and keep your full-year interest deduction. Eventually, when you have an off year or your bonus is smaller than usual, you can not pay early and only deduct 11 months of payments. This “reloads” this tax deduction increase trick for another year when your income is higher.

For people who get an unexpected windfall during the year that may result in a higher tax bill, that extra $300 deduction will give you some extra room when filing in 2012 for your 2011 taxes. Just be sure to adjust your withholding for 2012 so that you don’t come up short again.

Paying your mortgage early is a good end of year tax tip. However, be sure you fully understand what you are doing and how it affects your future taxes. If you pay early this year, you have to pay early for every other year until you are ready to take the smaller 11-month size deduction.

Subscribe to the Finance Gourmet Feed to get all of our coming 2011 end of year tax tips.

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2. 2009 End of Year Tax Strategies – Calculate Dollar Amount of Tax Moves

Mortgage Tax Deduction End of Year originally published at Finance Gourmet

Standard Deduction 2012

The 2012 standard deduction is the amount that taxpayers will use to file their taxes before April 15, 2013. For taxes to be filed before April 15, 2012, taxpayers need to use the standard deduction 2011 amount set in the fall of 2010.

The amount of the standard deduction for 2012 for taxpayers who are married filing jointly is $11,900. This amount is up $300 from the 2011 standard deduction amount of $11,600. For taxpayers who are filing single, or who are married filing separately, the 2012 standard deduction is $5,950 which is an increase of $150. For those taxpayers who file as head of household, the standard deduction in 2012 is $8,700.

Various other tax credits and income tax deductions are also indexed for inflation. For the 2012 tax year, the maximum earned income tax credit, or EITC, increased to $5,891, which is up form the 2011 maximum of $5,751. Accordingly, the maximum income limit for the EITC increased from $49,078 in 2011 to $50,270 in 2012.

IRS Annual Gift Limit 2012

The IRS permits tax-free gifts to any persons up to a certain limit each year. The annual gift limit is per person, so a couple who is married filing jointly can actually give double the amount of the IRS gift limit each year. Additionally, when giving to a married couple that files jointly, each spouse can receive the full gift amount. For parents looking to give a tax-free annual gift to their married children, that means that a full four times the amount of the limit can be given tax-free.

The 2012 gift limit is $13,000. The annual gift exclusion is unchanged from 2011.

Therefore, a married couple can give $26,000 to a single person, or a full $52,000 to another married couple without triggering gift taxes or any estate tax issues.

Speaking of estate taxes, the 2012 estate tax exclusion is $5,120,00. That is an increase from the estate tax deduction in 2011 of $5 million.

IRS Tax Updates

Although the IRS releases updated tax numbers, deduction amounts and tax credit eligibility throughout the year, the release of widespread numbers like new 2012 tax brackets and other widely claimed tax deductions happens in October of the previous year to allow for official publication of IRS manuals and rules to be completed in time for the start of the tax filing season on January 1st of the following year.

You can subscribe to emails from the IRS or just check the Internal Revenue Service website in late October or early February each year.

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2012 Standard Deduction Amount Set originally published at Finance Gourmet

What Is the Standard Deduction for 2011

There was a small adjustment higher in most IRS tax numbers due to inflation. That means that most taxpayers should benefit from higher income limits and wider tax brackets than they had on their 2010 income taxes.

Standard Deduction 2011

Taxpayers must choose whether to itemize their deduction or take the standard deduction on their income taxes. For most taxpayers whose income comes primarily from a job as a regular employee, the decision about whether it is better to itemize or claim the standard deduction on income taxes comes down to how much mortgage interest they pay. Basically, if the mortgage interest deduction available is higher than the standard deduction amount, then itemizing makes sense.

The new standard deduction amount for 2011 is $11,600 for married couples filing jointly. That is an increase in the standard deduction from 2010 of $200. The 2011 standard deduction for single filers is $5,800, up from $5,700 in 2010.

Those checkboxes on IRS Form 1040 that ask whether you are blind or over age 65 increase the standard tax deduction for each taxpayer. Blind people and senior citizens qualify for an extra $1,150 in their standard deduction for married filers and $1,450 for singles and heads of household.

2011 Tax Brackets Widen

The income tax brackets for 2011 have also widened due to inflation adjustments. For example, the 15 percent tax bracket now goes up to $69,000 for married filing jointly, while the 15 percent tax bracket for single filers goes up to $34,500.

Here is a 2011 Tax Bracket Table for Single Filers

• $0 to $8,500 = 10% bracket
• $8,500 to $34,500 = 15% bracket
• $34,500 to $83,600 = 25% bracket
• $83,600 to $174,400 = 28% bracket
• $174,400 to $379,150 = 33% bracket
• $379,150 and up = 35% bracket

The Tax Bracket 2011 for Married Filing Jointly table is

• $0 to $17,0000 = 10% bracket
• $17,000 to $69,000 = 15% bracket
• $69,000 to $139,350 = 25% bracket
• $139,350 to $212,300 = 28% bracket
• $212,300 to $379,150 = 33% bracket
• $379,150 and up = 35% bracket

The upper ends of each tax bracket are higher for 2011 because the brackets are adjusted for inflation each year.

2011 Tax Deductions Limits Raised

Like other tax numbers, the ceilings and maximum income limits for various tax deductions and tax credits in 2011 have been increased as well.

Although most of the 2011 IRS Publication have not been finalized and posted online at irs.gov yet, many of these higher deduction limits have been published in other locations on the website. You can use the search box below to search IRS.gov for other tax forms or publications.

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Standard Deduction 2011 and 2011 Tax Brackets originally published at Finance Gourmet

The IRS publishes various numbers, tax brackets, and the like for the next tax year during the fall of the previous year, depending upon what the number is, and how it is to be calculated. Maximum salary limits for Roth IRA contributions in 2010, for example, were known well in advance because the number was set in statute to be the same as the high income limitations for 2009 Roth IRA contributions.

However, starting in 2011, the income limitations for Roth IRA contributions are indexed for inflation. In other words, the IRS must wait until it has the proper inflation index calculation according to its rules and regulations. Then, it must apply that inflation amount to the Roth IRA contribution limits for income and compute new Roth IRA income phase-out limits and the maximum salary allowed to make Roth contributions at all.

These numbers will not be available until later in the year. When we get the new 2011 Roth IRA limits, we will pass them on to you.

Don’t forget, the law removing the salary cap for converting a traditional IRA to a Roth IRA has been made permanent, so you can covert your IRA in 2011 regardless of how high your MAGI is.

New Roth IRA Income Maximum Salary Limits for 2011

With all of that being said, we can actually make some educated assumptions.

Inflation has been low to non-existent for 2011. That means that Roth IRA income limits will likely not be going up for the 2011 tax year, or that any increase will be very small.

For your advanced tax planning strategies, you can continue using the same Roth IRA numbers from 2010 taxes for your 2011 taxes. There may be some small adjustments necessary when the final IRS numbers come out, but you can safely assume that any calculations based on the 2010 tax-year will be fairly close.

Note: The same information applies to traditional IRA limits for 2011 as well.

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2011 Roth IRA Income Limits originally published at Finance Gourmet

Sure, last minute tax advice and finding those hidden tax deductions during crunch time is great, but to really save money on taxes, you have to plan all year long. Start watching now for expenses that you can deduct from your taxes and start keeping records and receipts for all of those possible tax deductions that might be usable to lower your taxes if you meet certain requirements or minimum thresholds. Most importantly, start keeping your contemporaneous records of important deductible expenses like business mileage, unreimbursed expenses, training and education expenses, and medical expenses.

IRS 2010 Standard Mileage Deduction Rate

The standard mileage rate for 2010 is 50 cents per mile for business reasons. The 2010 standard mileage rate for miles driven for charitable purposes is 14 cents per mile.

You can deduct all unreimbursed mileage driven for business reasons and most charitable reasons as long as you have written documentation of the miles driven. These records must be "contemporaneous," which basically means that you need to create the record as it happens. In other words, you need to be recording your mileage in a little mileage log book every time you drive somewhere. Creating a log at the end of the year won’t cut it.

There is no need to buy a mileage log specifically, however, many people find it useful to have the format for recording their business trips in place. It can also make filling in the data easier. Most importantly, by completely filling out one of the mileage logs that you get at an office supply store like Office Depot or Staples is that you can be sure that you are writing down all the information that is required to take the standard business mileage rate for 2010 deduction from your taxes. Otherwise, any notebook will do. Write down your starting and ending mileage (use the main odometer reading, not just the trip odometer) and the total miles. Be sure to note whether that is one-way or round trip. Also note what the business reason was for making the trip.

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New 2010 Tax Numbers Released By IRS For Filing 2010 Income Taxes in 2011 originally published at Finance Gourmet

Small business tax deductions

Self-employment taxes, or SE Tax, is so high because it includes taxes that would usually be paid by the employer. In a typical employer-employee scenario, the employee pays 6.2% in Social Security Taxes. The employer withholds this amount from the employee’s paycheck. What many people don’t realize is that the employer also pays 6.2% in social security tax for the employee. (A 2011 tax deal reduced the employee portion to 4.2 percent, but it has only been extended for two months as of this update.)

A small business owner that files as a sole-proprietor is on the hook for the whole amount! The self-employment tax rate – sometimes called the SE tax rate – is 15.3%, which is 12.4% for social security taxes plus another 2.9% for Medicare taxes.

That 15.3% is on top of regular Federal Income Taxes. A successful small business owner in the 30% tax bracket, pays a blood curdling 45% tax rate. And, that is before adding in Medicare tax and state and local taxes.

In other words, a small business owner can easily end up paying 50% taxes!

Deduct Self-Employment Tax

The only good news in this whole equation is that half of the self-employment tax can be deducted when figuring adjusted gross income. Of course, this is small consolation because it results in under 2% tax savings. In order to keep from paying too much income tax, the entrepreneur needs to find bigger tax deductions and other small business tax breaks.

Depreciation Rates

Some of the biggest small business tax deductions come from the purchase of equipment for the business. Unfortunately, big purchases are often considered capital expenditures that must be depreciated over the “useful life” of the product. The best small business tax advice is to get accelerated depreciation whenever possible to get higher tax deductions now.

The only defense against high taxes from running a small business is to get as many business tax deductions as possible. The business lowers its profit for tax purposes, and passes along less income to the business owner on Schedule C – Profit and Loss From Business Operations.

Section 179 Deduction 2011

IRS Section 179 allows for better small business tax deductions and bonus depreciation in some cases. A section 179 expense allows for business expenditures to be deducted immediately, instead of depreciated. This is very useful for dated tax depreciation limits like those that apply to high-tech equipment.

For example, a freelance writer needs a netbook for his freelance writing business, with a Section 179 deduction, the small business owner deducts $200 in the year the netbook was purchased, instead of deducting a measly $40 per year for five years.

The Section 179 tax deduction rate was set to drop back to $134,000 after the special bonus depreciation and higher 179 limits increased in economic stimulus legislation expired after 2009. However, the new jobs creation legislation recently passed by Congress extends the higher ceiling for Section 179 tax deductions. The 2011 Limit for Section 179 Deductions is $250,000 for qualified capital expenditures.

Maximizing Section 179 Tax Deductions is important personal finance advice for any entrepreneur. You may also be interested in the IRS Mileage Rates for 2011 and the amount for the standard deduction 2011.

How do you save on your small business taxes?

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2011 Section 179 Deduction Limits for Small Businesses Taxes originally published at Finance Gourmet

On the other hand, when people choose to open their hearts and give money to help those in need, the U.S. Government thanks them in the form of the charitable tax deduction. Typically, donations to charity must be made by the end of the tax year, December 31st, in order to be deductible in that year. However, with the tragic earthquake that struck Haiti, Congress passed a law and the IRS implemented an exception to the rules for certain cash contributions for Haiti Relief.

In order to qualify, the donations must be considered “cash” donations (checks and wire transfers, and so on do count as cash). They must also be made to a qualified organization, typically a non-profit 503(c) organization in most cases. The donations must also satisfy all other normal requirements for deducting cash gifts to charities.

The deadline for making a cash donation for Haiti relief and being able to deduct it on your 2009 Federal Income Taxes is March 1, 2010 (today).

If you already made a donation, you can deduct it from your income taxes as well.

Unfortunately, one of the requirements for taking a tax deduction for a cash contribution to a charity is retaining proof of the contribution, most often, in the form of a receipt. However, in the aftermath of the Haiti tragedy, numerous new methods of making quick and easy donations to relief organization were created, including the ability to donate via text message.

A live television show broadcast nationwide ran numerous donation options across the bottom of the screen during the Haiti Relief telethon, including the option to donate $10 via text message. The $10 donation was then added to the phone bill of those who sent such a text.

Fortunately, the IRS has clarified that a phone bill from your cell phone company or other telecom provider will satisfy the record of proof requirement. This 2009 tax trick is particularly helpful for those of us who made donations upon seeing the devistation without pausing to think about the tax implications.

Be sure to hold on to your phone bill, however, for your records. If you follow smart financial advice about paying your bills automatically and opt-in for electronic statement delivery as one way to help prevent identity theft, then you need to log on to your account and print out the electronic statement to ensure that you have a printed record of your donation.

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Haiti Cash Donations Still Deductible Until March 1, 2010 (Today) originally published at Finance Gourmet

Unfortunately, many tax deductions are either too small to have very much impact on how much taxes you pay, or are too narrowly tailored to actually be a tax deduction that most people can take. Add into the mix the fact that many of the things that people “just know” are tax deductible, actually are not tax deductions until they are higher than a certain “floor”, and most searches for new tax deductible items end in dissapointment.

The good news is that some big items are deductible for almost everyone. These are the best tax deductions out there and they are good for high-income taxpayers and lower-income taxpayers alike. These include deducting mortgage interest, many educational expenses, and tax deductions for children, and the related child tax credit. One of the other biggies that can bring tax burden relief is deductible property taxes.

Deducting Property Taxes on Income Tax Forms

Many people are surprised to find out how much property taxes they pay on real estate, particularly on their primary residence. This is because a large percentage of home owners pay their property taxes via their mortgage loan.

That is, that the mortgage company collects an extra amount of money with each payment which it keeps in an escrow account. Over the year, that extra money adds up to enough cash to cover the amount of property taxes due. If it the escrow account comes up short, the mortgage company fronts the money and then increases the part of the monthly loan payment for escrow.

Even though the mortgage company handles paying the property taxes for you, it does so with your money, which means you are the still the one who paid the property taxes, and therefore, you are the one who gets the property tax deduction. Check the 1099-INT tax form the mortgage company is required to send you each year. Both the amount of mortgage interest paid for the year and the amount of property taxes paid annually should be listed.

Don’t forget about other property taxes too! The most common type of property taxes that are deductible, other than real estate property taxes, are the property taxes on cars. Automobile property taxes are deductible if they are computed based upon a percentage of the car’s value. In other words, the taxes that are levied by the state, county, or city that are a variable amount depending on how much the car is worth are deductible. Flat taxes and fees, such as a $25 annual fee,  that are the same amount no matter what the car is worth are not deductible.

Keep an eye on the mail for all tax forms, including 1099 Forms for real estate and brokerage and banking accounts. There are important tax numbers on each of these.

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How To Deduct Property Taxes originally published at Finance Gourmet

One of the most effective ways for typical households to lower their tax bill is by donating items to charities. Unlike cash donations, donating used goods to charity is a free way to reduce the income taxes you pay. A quick trip to the basement or storage closet could turn up several trash bags worth of used clothing that no longer fits your children, or you. Other items like shirts, pants, suits, jackets, shoes and more may just be out of style, or no longer fit your current dressing manner.

For example, workers who used to have to wear a suit and tie to the office may now work in a business casual environment. Unless you live on the East Coast, suit and tie occasions don’t come up all that often. Hold onto one dark suite for funerals and formal weddings, and one less formal suit for other semi-formal events. Even clinging onto one fun suit, or stylish suit that you "might" wear to "something" someday can still leave you with a dozen suits that can be donated to local charities. Keep track of everything you donate with "contemporaneous records." Take the receipt from the charity and fill it out right away, but also keep a log in a notebook or a note card of everything you donate.

If you haven’t cleaned out your basement or storage unit in the last few years, there might be TONS of used clothing in there that you can donate. Don’t be afraid to donate it all and claim every last penny on your income taxes. Again, just keep very good records of exactly what you donated and when. Back up the charity’s receipt with your own logs, and, for extra measure, take some digital photos of the clothing. There is no need to capture itemized pictures, a few pics of a giant clothing pile and maybe one or two of the twenty bags being dropped off at Goodwill should be more than enough proof to head off any challenge regarding how much you donated. (How much you valued each item at, is a different story, which will cover next year when we talk about how to prepare your 2009 Federal Income Taxes.)

Don’t stop at clothing. Small appliances (think anything that could be used in a dorm room or small apartment), electronics, sporting goods, and more can all be donated to charities that would gladly accept them.

As an added tip, break up your donations by dropping them off over several days, or donating a portion of your used goods to various different charities. The IRS requires additional documentation for single donations that exceed $400. Keep each donation under that amount, and relive the extra burden of documenting larger charitable donations.

With many charities having one of their worst year ever raising money for good causes, now is the time to pitch in and help out. By donating unwanted items that are laying around your house, you not only help good causes that you believe in, you can also make some money and save on your taxes next year at the same time. Plus, you house will be cleaner, and you might actually be able to find some of those important things that are lost in your storage areas.

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End Of Year Tax Tips – Save Money On Taxes By Donating Clothing and More originally published at Finance Gourmet