Personal Finance

Active Investment Managers Underperform Indexes

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better investment performance

Every year or so, somebody freshens up a study that shows active mutual fund managers underperform passive investing, usually in the form of an ETF of the category benchmark. In plain English: Buying the ETF instead of the mutual fund of the same type will generate higher returns for you over the long-run, and often even the short term. So, why are active investment managers so bad? Mutual Funds Cost Money to Run Mutual funds are not charities. They have expenses they need to cover. Expenses include everything from offices to high paid analysts, to traders to execute the trades, to all of the electronics and equipment it takes to monitor and use all the information in the trading world. Oh yes, then there is the matter of profit. These expenses are disclosed to all investors in the required information made available to any investor in the prospectus and on most trading and investment research platforms. Pulled quickly and semi-random is the Dodge & Cox Stock Fund, a large U.S. stock mutual fund. You will notice that compared to the S&P 500 index listed below, our well-respected Morningstar 5-star fund returns less than the S&P 500 over any time period. …

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Smart to Use Roth IRA for College

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roth ira for college

Should I use my Roth IRA for college? As a former financial planner, I would often get these questions from clients who read something somewhere. Much like patients asking doctors about drugs they heard about on TV, such questions rarely ended up being a good idea. When it comes to using a Roth IRA to save for college, it actually is a good idea. Can You Use Roth IRA to Pay for College First, you probably know that a Roth IRA is designed for retirement savings. The corresponding vehicle for parents saving for college is a 529 college savings plan. In general, the best way to save for college is in a 529 plan versus a Roth IRA. However, if you are planning to seek need-based financial aid, a Roth IRA might be the better solution for your family. Can I Use Roth IRA to Pay for College? Let’s start with CAN you use a Roth IRA to pay for college. We’ll look at SHOULD you use a Roth IRA for college next. As you may know, a Roth IRA offers tax-advantaged growth for investments within the account. This creates two kinds of money inside of a Roth IRA. The first …

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Did Americans Really Lose $900 Billion in The Recession

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americans losing money

Anyone who has been online for more than a day or two knows that the way to get clicks is to have a big, shouting, headline. One popular search engine optimization (SEO) plugin won’t give your title a passing score until it has “a positive or negative sentiment.” Ideally, it also contains a number and a “power word.” Is it any wonder then that financial news headlines scream things like, “Americans Have Lost $900 Billion Since…” or “America’s Richest Tech Billionaires Have Lost $315 Billion In the Past Year?” How Do You Actually Lose Money When the Stock Market Crashes? Let’s talk about investing and losing money. First, we are going to talk about net worth and how much equity you have in your home. It’s for a good reason, I promise. Your net worth is the value of all of your assets minus all of your liabilities. The key word there is all. If your car is worth $15,000 and you owe $8,000 that counts as $9,000 of your net worth. Even that ping pong table in the basement that is worth $50 counts towards your net worth. As you can imagine, this goes off the rails quickly. The …

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Fidelity Youth Account for Kids $50 Bonus

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fidelity youth account

Now that the economy is no longer awash in free money, financial companies, banks and brokerages are in customer acquisition mode. New customers tend to stay customers, especially when scary stories on TV or scary circumstances trigger the impulse to stay put. $50 Fee for Fidelity Youth Account You probably started seeing postcards and letters in the mail with local banks trying to seduce you with offers of $200 cash for opening a new account, or something similar. This is a version of that. The idea from Fidelity’s end, of course, is that your child is getting older and if they already have a Fidelity account when they leave and go out into the world, there is a much better chance that they will keep that account than there is that they would find their way back on their own. How Do I Get $50 For Fidelity Kids Account? Fortunately, since this is for a kids account, there are kid sized requirements to earn the $50 bonus. First, the parent must be a Fidelity account holder. If you already are, then you can move to the next step. If you aren’t you have to make a choice about whether opening …

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Top 4 Places to Save Money During Recession

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i bond

It is looking less and less like the U.S. economy will achieve the promised land of a soft-landing and will instead end up in a recession. It may turn out to be a shallow recession, but the economy is not typically forgiving of rapid increases in interest rates. If hiring falls off before the holiday season, then look out below. Where To Save Money During Recession Making smart personal finance decisions during a recession is critical to avoid losing progress on your goals. The four places are the best way to save money during recession and even depressions. Money Market Account – No it’s not sexy, but it is safe, and it should pay more than your basic savings account. Get at least three months of expenses put aside in case you are one of the unfortunate ones who lose their job during a recession. The silver lining on recessions is that rising interest rates means earning more money on your savings accounts and money market accounts. Consider a high-yield online savings account from a bank you trust to earn even more. Pay Off Debt – Alright, this is cheating. Paying off debt isn’t technically saving money, but it will …

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Jeremy Grantham Calls S&P 500 Down 26%

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Jeremy Grantham Calls S&P 500 Down 26% 1

I don’t mean to pick on Jeremy Grantham, I was asked to write something once in my role as a professional financial writer and it got his name stuck in my head. So, whenever I see Mr. Grantham’s name scrolls by on my market news feed, I just have to take a look. I’ve written about Jeremy Grantham prediction history before. Some of Grantham’s calls were great, and everyone seems to remember, but also about the calls that were flat wrong, early, or just money losing. No one seems to remember those. So, let’s do the honorable thing. Let’s see how Jeremy Grantham’s predictions work out this time. Jeremy Grantham Stock Market Prediction Let’s get the details right. On September 8, 2022, Jeremy Grantham told the Reuters Global Markets Forum (GMF) that the S&P 500 could be trading at 3,000 in a year from now. On Wednesday, the S&P 500 index traded from around 3,900 in the morning, to around 3,997 in the afternoon, so we’ll call it 3900ish. If on September 8, 2023, the S&P 500 is trading around 3,000, we can say he is “right” this time. Of course, Grantham called a crash in 2019. He called an …

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Using Roth IRA to Lower Assets for Financial Aid

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college financial aid

You have probably heard, but college is very expensive. Make that very, very, expensive. College is so expensive that even if you do pretty well with earnings and income, it can be hard to afford. In fact, having a higher income might actually make college harder to afford. Financial Aid for Higher Income Parents I’m going to make some assumptions here so that you know whether this is the right article for you. I’m going to assume that your child does well in school, has good SAT scores or ACT scores, and is applying to some higher tier universities. I’m also going to assume that your family income is in the six figures. There are two main types of financial aid. The first type is merit based financial aid. Often called scholarships, this kind of aid is offered to students based upon some factor other than need. The second type of financial aid is need based financial aid. This is financial aid that is based upon how much money you and your parents have. More specifically, need based financial aid is based on how low your income and assets are. Need Based Financial Aid with Higher Incomes Here is where …

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Debit Card Fraud

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rewards credit card reviews

A debit card is a useful money management tool. It provides credit card-like access to purchases, but the money comes directly from your checking account, not from a line of credit. Many people prefer to use debit cards in order to avoid the pitfalls of credit cards. Some banks and credit unions even offer rewards programs similar to credit card rewards programs. For example, Target offers the Redcard Debit card that offers 5% off of each purchase, just like the Target credit card does. However, there are some very big differences between credit cards and debit cards when it comes to fraudulent charges. Debit Card Charges Fraud One of the major differences between a debit card and a credit card is that a debit card can be used both as a debit card, via a PIN number, and as a credit charge card, via a signature. If you use the PIN number method, you must enter your PIN into a little terminal. Never give your PIN or say your PIN to the person conducting the transaction. If you cannot enter your PIN secretly, then process the transaction as a charge transaction instead. The PIN number provides a little bit of …

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Power of Compound Interest – A Case Study

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compound interest

Over at MarketWatch recently, was an interesting article entitled Make Your Kid Rich for $1 a Day. I’ll let you go over there and read the particulars if you are interested. However, I think that the concept provides a great way to study the phenomenon of compound interest, and the elements that go into it. Compound Interest Only Works Over Long Periods People love to quote Albert Einstein saying that the most powerful force in the universe is compound interest. What most people forget is, that as a physicist, Mr. Einstein was used to working on a very large scale, with a very long timeframe. Let’s start at the beginning. Compound interest is not magical. It is merely the phenomenon of earning interest on your previously earned interest. So, if you invest $10,000 and earn 10 percent interest annually, then you would earn $1,000 in interest, and have $11,000 at the end of the year. (Sort of, depending on how interest is paid and compounded, but let’s not quibble.) The following year, you would also earn the same 10 percent interest. However, this time, you earn 10 percent on $11,000, not just the original $10,000. In other words, you are …

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Should I Sell My House Now?

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sell my home now

As the housing market appears to be peaking, at least for now, a number of people are pondering whether or not to sell their home. But, answering should I sell my house is not a simple question. Is Now the Right Time to Sell My House? Let’s start from the beginning. Assuming you only own one home, the one you live in, the question about whether or not to sell your house now is mostly moot. You need your house to live in. You need it to be in a certain location so that you can go to work, your kids can go to good schools, or so that you are near all the things you love to see and do. Reading too much financial news and information is no different than spending all day consuming “news.” Either way, you develop a warped sense of the world around you. You start seeing your life as a series of financial transactions. I used to see this as a financial planner with people who were doing just fine but were giving themselves ulcers by constantly evaluating their lives through their bank accounts. Your life is not a spreadsheet. Selling the place you …

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